Effects of Free Choice Among Public Schools

In this paper, I investigate the impact of a programme in Tel-Aviv, Israel, that terminated an existing inter-district busing integration programme and allowed students free choice among public schools. The identification is based on difference-in-differences and regression discontinuity designs that yield various alternative comparison groups drawn from untreated tangent neighbourhoods and adjacent cities. Across identification methods and comparison groups, the results consistently suggest that choice significantly reduces the drop-out rate and increases the cognitive achievements of highschool students. It also improves behavioural outcomes such as teacher–student relationships and students’ social acclimation and satisfaction at school, and reduces the level of violence and classroom disruption.